{"id":1215,"date":"2025-05-22T17:05:54","date_gmt":"2025-05-22T17:05:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/javadfarahani.com\/?p=1215"},"modified":"2026-04-06T15:54:04","modified_gmt":"2026-04-06T15:54:04","slug":"an-analytical-study-of-barriers-to-blockchain-adoption-in-international-trade","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/javadfarahani.com\/de\/academic\/an-analytical-study-of-barriers-to-blockchain-adoption-in-international-trade\/","title":{"rendered":"An Analytical Study of Barriers to Blockchain Adoption in International Trade"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1215\" class=\"elementor elementor-1215\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-54418a6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"54418a6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-aa28310\" data-id=\"aa28310\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1020e26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1020e26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 08-05-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Motivation to this research\u200b<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b8dd36 elementor-widget elementor-widget-tp-adv-text-block\" data-id=\"2b8dd36\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tp-adv-text-block.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"pt-plus-text-block-wrapper\" ><div class=\"text_block_parallax\"><div class=\"pt_plus_adv_text_block \" ><div class=\"text-content-block\"><p>In recent years, blockchain has been heralded as a disruptive force with the potential to transform entire industries\u2014from finance and logistics to supply chain and governance. However, the promise of blockchain stands in sharp contrast to its adoption rate, particularly in areas where it could arguably offer the most value: international trade.<\/p><p>This gap between potential and practice was the driving force behind a study I co-authored with Professor Thomas Schlechter, titled \u201cAn Analytical Study of Barriers to Blockchain Adoption in International Trade,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/xpl\/conhome\/11006021\/proceeding?sortType=vol-only-seq&amp;isnumber=11006164&amp;searchWithin=Javad%20Vasheghani%20Farahani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published by IEEE and presented at the 11th International Conference on Web Research (ICWR 2025)<\/a>.<\/p><p>The study investigates why, despite widespread enthusiasm and massive projected value\u2014up to $3.1 trillion in economic benefits by 2030, according to the World Economic Forum\u2014blockchain remains underutilized, especially among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) involved in global trade.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-210f9e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"210f9e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How the Idea Emerged\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03bac21 elementor-widget elementor-widget-tp-adv-text-block\" data-id=\"03bac21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tp-adv-text-block.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"pt-plus-text-block-wrapper\" ><div class=\"text_block_parallax\"><div class=\"pt_plus_adv_text_block \" ><div class=\"text-content-block\"><p data-start=\"1416\" data-end=\"1860\">At the time of this research, I was serving as <strong data-start=\"1463\" data-end=\"1502\">Technical Product Manager at Coimex<\/strong>, a company focused on enabling trust in B2B trade through digital platforms. My professional responsibilities placed me at the intersection of <strong data-start=\"1646\" data-end=\"1684\">technology, logistics, and finance<\/strong>, and I had regular exposure to the very operational frictions that blockchain promised to solve\u2014payment delays, document fraud, audit inefficiencies, and opaque supply chains.<\/p><p data-start=\"1862\" data-end=\"2040\">But while working on these digital solutions, a recurring question began to surface: <em data-start=\"1947\" data-end=\"2040\">If blockchain is so well-suited to these challenges, why aren\u2019t more companies adopting it?<\/em><\/p><p data-start=\"2042\" data-end=\"2232\">Rather than speculating, I decided to explore this question systematically. Through an academic collaboration with <strong data-start=\"2157\" data-end=\"2177\">Prof. Schlechter<\/strong>, the idea developed into a structured empirical study.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-629f328 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"629f328\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Research Design and Key Insights\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2c195a elementor-widget elementor-widget-tp-adv-text-block\" data-id=\"b2c195a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tp-adv-text-block.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"pt-plus-text-block-wrapper\" ><div class=\"text_block_parallax\"><div class=\"pt_plus_adv_text_block \" ><div class=\"text-content-block\"><p data-start=\"2293\" data-end=\"2710\">The paper applies a <strong data-start=\"2313\" data-end=\"2351\">survey-based empirical methodology<\/strong> targeting <strong data-start=\"2362\" data-end=\"2386\">senior professionals<\/strong> in <strong data-start=\"2390\" data-end=\"2417\">supply chain management<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"2419\" data-end=\"2425\">IT<\/strong>, and <strong data-start=\"2431\" data-end=\"2442\">finance<\/strong>\u2014individuals who either influence or directly make decisions regarding technology adoption. We surveyed <strong data-start=\"2546\" data-end=\"2563\">22 businesses<\/strong> across sectors that are highly active in international trade, including <strong data-start=\"2636\" data-end=\"2646\">retail<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"2648\" data-end=\"2661\">logistics<\/strong>, <strong data-start=\"2663\" data-end=\"2680\">manufacturing<\/strong>, and <strong data-start=\"2686\" data-end=\"2709\">commodities trading<\/strong>.<\/p><p data-start=\"2712\" data-end=\"2961\">To ensure both validity and applicability, we cross-verified survey responses with <strong data-start=\"2795\" data-end=\"2829\">publicly available information<\/strong> about the companies' technology investments. This helped ground the analysis in practical reality, rather than mere self-reporting.<\/p><p data-start=\"2963\" data-end=\"2990\">The results were revealing:<\/p><ul data-start=\"2991\" data-end=\"3379\"><li data-start=\"2991\" data-end=\"3081\"><p data-start=\"2993\" data-end=\"3081\">Only <strong data-start=\"2998\" data-end=\"3005\">14%<\/strong> of respondents had successfully implemented blockchain in their operations.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3082\" data-end=\"3174\"><p data-start=\"3084\" data-end=\"3174\">A striking <strong data-start=\"3095\" data-end=\"3102\">68%<\/strong> admitted to having <strong data-start=\"3122\" data-end=\"3149\">limited or no knowledge<\/strong> of how blockchain works.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3175\" data-end=\"3379\"><p data-start=\"3177\" data-end=\"3211\">The <strong data-start=\"3181\" data-end=\"3199\">major barriers<\/strong> cited were:<\/p><ul data-start=\"3214\" data-end=\"3379\"><li data-start=\"3214\" data-end=\"3253\"><p data-start=\"3216\" data-end=\"3253\"><strong data-start=\"3216\" data-end=\"3253\">High initial implementation costs<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3256\" data-end=\"3322\"><p data-start=\"3258\" data-end=\"3322\"><strong data-start=\"3258\" data-end=\"3284\">Regulatory uncertainty<\/strong>, especially in cross-border scenarios<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3325\" data-end=\"3379\"><p data-start=\"3327\" data-end=\"3379\"><strong data-start=\"3327\" data-end=\"3355\">Technical knowledge gaps<\/strong> within the organization<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"3381\" data-end=\"3673\">Interestingly, the findings also reflected a <strong data-start=\"3426\" data-end=\"3445\">curious tension<\/strong>: while most participants acknowledged the <em data-start=\"3488\" data-end=\"3507\">theoretical value<\/em> of blockchain in increasing transparency and reducing fraud, they remained <strong data-start=\"3583\" data-end=\"3631\">reluctant to pursue practical implementation<\/strong> due to structural and cognitive barriers.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b032dec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b032dec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Practical Outcomes and Policy Implications\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d1a191 elementor-widget elementor-widget-tp-adv-text-block\" data-id=\"8d1a191\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tp-adv-text-block.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"pt-plus-text-block-wrapper\" ><div class=\"text_block_parallax\"><div class=\"pt_plus_adv_text_block \" ><div class=\"text-content-block\"><p data-start=\"3727\" data-end=\"3838\">Beyond identifying obstacles, the paper also presents several <strong data-start=\"3789\" data-end=\"3818\">pragmatic recommendations<\/strong> to enable adoption:<\/p><ul data-start=\"3839\" data-end=\"4152\"><li data-start=\"3839\" data-end=\"3928\"><p data-start=\"3841\" data-end=\"3928\">The <strong data-start=\"3845\" data-end=\"3892\">development of executive education programs<\/strong> tailored to blockchain use in trade<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3929\" data-end=\"4030\"><p data-start=\"3931\" data-end=\"4030\">The creation of <strong data-start=\"3947\" data-end=\"3996\">modular, plug-and-play integration frameworks<\/strong> that reduce technical entry costs<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4031\" data-end=\"4152\"><p data-start=\"4033\" data-end=\"4152\">The <strong data-start=\"4037\" data-end=\"4083\">harmonization of international regulations<\/strong> to remove legal ambiguity in cross-border smart contract enforcement<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"4154\" data-end=\"4307\">These suggestions aim to lower the threshold for adoption, particularly for <strong data-start=\"4230\" data-end=\"4238\">SMEs<\/strong>, which often operate under stricter cost and compliance constraints.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-782f428 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"782f428\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A Turning Point Toward Deeper Blockchain Research\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a4d85d elementor-widget elementor-widget-tp-adv-text-block\" data-id=\"1a4d85d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tp-adv-text-block.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"pt-plus-text-block-wrapper\" ><div class=\"text_block_parallax\"><div class=\"pt_plus_adv_text_block \" ><div class=\"text-content-block\"><p data-start=\"4960\" data-end=\"5128\">Although the paper\u2019s focus is limited to international trade, the process of conducting this study had a much broader impact on my academic and professional trajectory.<\/p><p data-start=\"5130\" data-end=\"5298\">It acted as a <strong data-start=\"5144\" data-end=\"5156\">catalyst<\/strong>\u2014clarifying not just the barriers to blockchain adoption, but also the <strong data-start=\"5227\" data-end=\"5244\">research gaps<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"5249\" data-end=\"5266\">opportunities<\/strong> that remain open in areas like:<\/p><ul data-start=\"5299\" data-end=\"5484\"><li data-start=\"5299\" data-end=\"5319\"><p data-start=\"5301\" data-end=\"5319\"><strong data-start=\"5301\" data-end=\"5319\">Web3 UX design<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5320\" data-end=\"5371\"><p data-start=\"5322\" data-end=\"5371\"><strong data-start=\"5322\" data-end=\"5371\">Blockchain sustainability and energy modeling<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5372\" data-end=\"5429\"><p data-start=\"5374\" data-end=\"5429\"><strong data-start=\"5374\" data-end=\"5429\">Zero-knowledge proofs for supply chain transparency<\/strong><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5430\" data-end=\"5484\"><p data-start=\"5432\" data-end=\"5484\"><strong data-start=\"5432\" data-end=\"5484\">Tokenization of carbon markets and green finance<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"5486\" data-end=\"5808\">The intersection of <strong data-start=\"5506\" data-end=\"5535\">technological possibility<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"5540\" data-end=\"5568\">organizational readiness<\/strong> continues to fascinate me. This study reaffirmed my commitment to exploring <strong data-start=\"5645\" data-end=\"5722\">blockchain not just as a technology, but as an enabler of systemic change<\/strong>, particularly in contexts where transparency, verifiability, and trust are essential.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4d9410 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f4d9410\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Where to Read the Full Paper\n<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7df93f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-tp-adv-text-block\" data-id=\"7df93f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tp-adv-text-block.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"pt-plus-text-block-wrapper\" ><div class=\"text_block_parallax\"><div class=\"pt_plus_adv_text_block \" ><div class=\"text-content-block\"><p data-start=\"5848\" data-end=\"6014\">If you're interested in the full methodology, data interpretation, and policy recommendations, the paper is available on <strong data-start=\"5969\" data-end=\"5984\">IEEE Xplore<\/strong> under the following citation:<\/p><blockquote data-start=\"6016\" data-end=\"6292\"><p data-start=\"6018\" data-end=\"6292\"><strong data-start=\"6018\" data-end=\"6141\">Farahani, J.V., &amp; Schlechter, T. (2025). An Analytical Study of Barriers to Blockchain Adoption in International Trade.<\/strong> <em data-start=\"6142\" data-end=\"6202\">2025 11th International Conference on Web Research (ICWR).<\/em><br data-start=\"6202\" data-end=\"6205\" \/><a class=\"cursor-pointer\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"6207\" data-end=\"6292\">DOI: 10.1109\/ICWR65219.2025.11006191<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa0f213 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fa0f213\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Final Thoughts<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-472d321 elementor-widget elementor-widget-tp-adv-text-block\" data-id=\"472d321\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tp-adv-text-block.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"pt-plus-text-block-wrapper\" ><div class=\"text_block_parallax\"><div class=\"pt_plus_adv_text_block \" ><div class=\"text-content-block\"><p data-start=\"6318\" data-end=\"6700\">This project began with a simple industry observation, evolved through academic collaboration, and became a springboard into much deeper blockchain research. While it only scratches the surface of what blockchain can do for global commerce, it reinforced my belief in <strong data-start=\"6586\" data-end=\"6612\">evidence-based inquiry<\/strong> and the importance of bridging the gap between <strong data-start=\"6660\" data-end=\"6699\">research and real-world application<\/strong>.<\/p><p data-start=\"6702\" data-end=\"6749\">The work continues\u2014and so does the exploration.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Motivation to this research\u200b In recent years, blockchain has been heralded as a disruptive force with the potential to transform entire industries\u2014from finance and logistics to supply chain and governance. However, the promise of blockchain stands in sharp contrast to its adoption rate, particularly in areas where it could arguably offer the most value: international [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1221,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[19],"class_list":["post-1215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-academic","tag-article"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.3 (Yoast SEO v22.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>An Analytical Study of Barriers to Blockchain Adoption in International Trade - Javad Farahani<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/javadfarahani.com\/de\/academic\/an-analytical-study-of-barriers-to-blockchain-adoption-in-international-trade\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"An Analytical Study of Barriers to Blockchain Adoption in International Trade\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Motivation to this research\u200b In recent years, blockchain has been heralded as a disruptive force with the potential to transform entire industries\u2014from finance and logistics to supply chain and governance. 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